Teamine Complex®
Based upon the complexation of urea with membrane glycans, Teamine Complex® was found to be an outstanding moisturizer, improving skin moisture content by 44% after 1 month and 51 % after 3 months. No significant changes were observed on the placebo treated group (less than 7% at 1 and 8% at 3 months).

Clinical Results of Teamine Complex® - Wrinkles
Wrinkles were graded (based upon an in-house developed scale) on each side of the face of test participants before and after 1 and 3 months of product usage. After one month a 32% improvement in lines and wrinkles was observed and this increased to 57% after 3 months assessed via clinical grading. Image analysis of a select number of subjects confirmed the clinical scores demonstrating a reduction in wrinkle depth and number or 33% after one month and 55% after 3 months. No significant changes were observed on the placebo treated group (less than 6% at one month and 8% at 3 months).

Effect on Skin Luminosity and Clarity
We will assess changes in skin color (a, b and L values) to determine changes in skin clarity made by Teamine Complex®. Three measurements will be made on each test site and averaged. Clarity will be determined by the value (a2 + b2) 1/2 /L as per Minolta publications.

After one month skin clarity increased by 34% and by 45% after 3 months. No changes were observed in the placebo treated group.

Ballistometry of Teamine Complex®- Skin Firmness
Ballistometry was used to measure skin firmness, mainly epidermal (superficial) firmness. In these studies a ballistometer developed by C.W. Hargens formerly of the Franklin Institute was used. A small lightweight Plexiglass probe (linked to a linear distance to force transducer) is dropped onto the skin surface via a free falling pendulum from a distance of 5 cm. This dropping causes an indentation of the skin surface; the firmness or resilience of the skin causes the probe to rebound and again drops to the skin surface, causing less indentation, etc. The movement of the probe is linked to the transducer, which converts distance into millivoltage, and this millivoltage is converted into a graphics disply on a 486 PC monitor through the use of an image capturing software program. The resultant display is essentially a dampened sinusoidal wave pattern. Although a number of different analysis have been used to determine skin firmness we chose to analyze the value of the height of first rebound peak (H1) to the second rebound peak (H2). Previous results have indicated that this value changes as you examine subjects of greater age. Our data indicate that skin firmness drops about 40% between the ages of 25 and 65.

Results indicate that after one month a 23% increase in firmness was observed. This increased to 27% after 3 months. No significant changes were observed on the placebo treated group (less than 3% at one and three months).