Reduces the appearance of dark circles under the eyes
Delays the appearance of fine lines and sagging skin
Reduces damage caused by exposure to the sun
Reduces skin redness
Reduces the appearance of spider veins (telangiectases)
Enhances ECM cohesion;
Improves the natural protective functions of the skin (against pollution, stress, age, sun)
Improves skin firmness and elasticity

Teamine Complex®
Teamine Complex® is an active cosmetic ingredient that inhibits the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymatic activities that degrade and ultimately destroy the collagen network present in the skin. With aging and often-stressful lifestyles or exposure to harmful environmental irritants, the activity of these enzymes increases, affecting the health of our extracellular matrix. It is very important to preserve this matrix while maintaining a solid equilibrium between the number of enzymes and their inhibitors.

Teamine's Ivy extract combines:
Concentration & Standardization, with a content of Hederacoside C, the closest to the fresh plant.
Functionality, equipped with efficacy test
Clinical Results – Wrinkles
Wrinkles were graded (based upon an in-house developed scale) on each side of the face of test participants before and after 1 and 3 months of product usage. After one month a 32% improvement in lines and wrinkles was observed and this increased to 57% after 3 months assessed via clinical grading. Image analysis of a select number of subjects confirmed the clinical scores demonstrating a reduction in wrinkle depth and number or 33% after one month and 55% after 3 months. No significant changes were observed on the placebo treated group (less than 6% at one month and 8% at 3 months).

Teamine Complex®
Based upon the complexation of urea with membrane glycans, Teamine Complex® was found to be an outstanding moisturizer, improving skin moisture content by 44% after 1 month and 51 % after 3 months. No significant changes were observed on the placebo treated group (less than 7% at 1 and 8% at 3 months).

Ultrasound - Skin Thickness
A Dermascan C Ultrasound available from Cortex Technology, Denmark was used to measure skin thickness in these studies. The unit has a resolution of 20MHz, and the A scan was used. With this device differences between the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous fat layers can be measured. In addition to measuring the thickness of each layer of skin, in the zoom mode, images were imported into a PC based image analysis system and relative tissue density was measured. Since fluid does not produce an ultra-sound image, relative tissue density was determined by calculating the density of the ultrasound signal in each of the tissue layers of interest. If an increase in dermal tissue thickness is observed this can be due to a swelling of the tissue (inflammation or edema), or a stimulation of new protein synthesis. A dermal increase in thickness with a decreased density would not be positive and reflect an inflammatory process. An increase in thickness with maintained or increased density would reflect a stimulation of dermal metabolism, a positive effect.

Skin thickness and density measurements were made after three months of treatments with Teamine Complex®. Results indicate that slight increases of 4.1 % in skin thickness were observed after one month while no changes in density were observed. After 3 months skin thickness increased 12.3% and density improved 15% epidermis plus dermis. No changes were observed on the placebo treated group.

(cont. on right hand side)